1هدف از این پژوهش طراح مدلی برای سنجش شایستگی های عمومی دانش آموزان ابتدایی با توجه به تربیت تمام ساحتی و بررسی این شایستگی ها در دانش آموزان ابتدایی از دیدگاه مدیران و معاونین مدارس بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع طرح های آمیخته اکتشافی بوده و داده های پژوهش به دو روش کیفی (تحلیل محتوای قیاسی و مصاحبه با خبرگان) و کمی (پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بر پایه مدل پژوهش) گردآوری شد. در بخش کیفی در ابتدا با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای قیاسی با روش مایرینگ و بر اساس سند تحول بنیادین و سایر اسناد بالا دستی 5 عنصر اصلی شامل 1- شایستگی های معنوی 2- شایستگی های درون فردی- اخلاقی 3- شایستگی های فرهنگی- اجتماعی 4-شایستگی های یادگیری و 5- شایستگی های روانشناختی- جسمانی، استخراج شد و متن مصاحبه بر پایه این عناصر و در نظر گرفتن تربیت تمام ساحتی در اختیار 8 نفر از خبرگان آموزش ابتدایی قرار گرفت که به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند و گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. نتایج مصاحبه های نیمه استاندارد نشان داد که شایستگی های عمومی دانش آموزان ابتدایی دارای 8 مضمون مشترک و 182 زیرمضمون بود. در بخش کمی نیز پرسشنامه ای محقق ساخته بر پایه مدل پژوهش ساخته شد و پس از اعتباریابی آن در اختیار 70 نفر از معاونین و مدیران (از میان 205 نفر) مدارس شهرستان بوکان در سالتحصیلی 1402-1401 که به روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند، قرار گرفت. در نهایت نتایج آزمون فریدمن نشان داد که عملکرد دانش آموزان در شایستگی های معنوی و درون فردی- اخلاقی مطلوب، در شایستگی های یادگیری ضعیف و در شایستگی های روانشناختی- جسمانی و فرهنگی- اجتماعی بسیار نامطلوب است.

در جهان پرشتاب امروزی یادگیری الکترونیکی به عنوان یک ابزار کسب دانش، به سرعت در حال گسترش، توسعه و تحول است. چنین روند رو به رشدی دست اندرکاران را ملزم به اعمال روش های علمی و منطقی در اجرا، ارزیابی و مدیریت پروژه های یادگیری الکترونیکی می نماید. از روش های پیرو عقل و منطق در یادگیری الکترونیکی امکان سنجی و بررسی پیش نیازها، پیش از اجرای پروژه یادگیری الکترونیکی است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی امکان اجرای پروژه یادگیری الکترونیکی و آگاهی از پیش نیازهای این نوع یادگیری در دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان انجام شده است. جامعه آماری تمام دانشجویان دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان در نیم سال دوم سال تحصیلی 87-86 می باشد و نمونه این پژوهش 332 نفر از دانشجویان انتخاب گردیدند. روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای تصادفی بود. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه استانداردی بود که قبلا توسط پژوهش گران دیگری مورد استفاده قرار گرفته بود. برای تحلیل داده ها از روش های آمار توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف معیار و واریانس) و آمار استنباطی (تحلیل واریانس یک طرفهANOVA  و آزمون تی T-test) استفاده شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که دانشجویان دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان برای شرکت در یادگیری الکترونیکی آمادگی نسبی دارند. به علاوه تحلیل استنباطی داده ها نشان داد که بین دانشجویان دانشکده جغرافیا و علوم تربیتی و دانشجویان دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری از نظر آمادگی برای شرکت در یادگیری الکترونیکی تفاوت معنی داری وجود دارد. اما در بقیه سوالات پژوهش، تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد.

هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی میزان تاثیرگذاری اعتبارات اعطایی بانک ها در کنار متغیرهای دیگر بر ارزش افزوده بخش صنعت است. برای آزمون تجربی از مدل خودهمبستگی برداری VAR استفاده کرده ایم. که چگونگی آثار شوک های مختلف بر رشد صنعت در طول زمان و میزان توضیح دهندگی تغییرات متغیرها بر رشد این بخش با روش تجزیه خطای پیش بینی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. نتایج توابع عکس العمل آنی نشان می دهد که رشد اقتصادی در بخش صنعت بیشتر متاثر از اعتبارات بانکی تخصیص یافته به این بخش است. تورم و تعداد شاغلان از متغیرهای دیگری هستند که به طور یکسان بر رشد بخش صنعت اثر می گذارند و میزان اثرگذاری آنها از تاثیر اعتبارات بانکی تخصیص یافته به این بخش کمتر است. همچنین، نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان می دهد که در تمامی دوره های تولیدی (کوتاه مدت و بلندمدت) اعتبارات بانکی تخصیص یافته به بخش صنعت از مهم ترین عوامل موثر بر رشد تولید در این بخش بوده که بیشترین تغییرات این متغیر را توضیح می دهد. پس از آن، در کوتاه مدت ابتدا تورم و سپس، شاغلان بخش صنعت بیشترین درصد تغییرات رشد این بخش را توضیح می دهند. حال آنکه در بلندمدت پس از اعتبارات بانکی ابتدا شاغلان و پس از آن، تورم بیشترین درصد تغییرات در رشد این بخش را به خود اختصاص می دهند.

In some point of view, neither Michel Foucault nor Ibn Khaldun are considered philosophers in the conventional classifications, but both are very  important in intellectual and, of course, in philosophical contexts, especially for those who are interested in the deep study of human life from the perspective of political thought.The main concern of two thinkers, one in the 14th century, the other in the 20th century, is the issue  of power, although neither of them provided a precise definition of it. In this article, an attempt has been made to show the place of power and domination in the political thought of both thinkers by examining the thoughts of two thinkers. And in search of an answer to this question, how did Asabiyyah and industry of religion in Ibn Khaldun's thought and social control through self-technology and discipline in Foucault's thought lead to the expansion of the domination of power? This article is written by analytically comparing the opinions of two thinkers based on Ibn Khaldun's most important book called Muqaddimah and Foucault's late works

One of the most frequent rules in various areas of demonstrative jurisprudence of Two Major Sects of Islam religion is a rule that is known among Shīʿa as “tolerance in the evidence of traditions” (Arabic: التسامح فی أدلّة السنن) and in Sunnī as “latitudinarianism in documents” (Arabic: التساهل فی أسانید). Believers in the general application of this rule have based it for reasons such as consensus (Arabic: إجماع), tradition famous through practice (Arabic: الشهرة العملیّة), and rational judgement (intellectual judgement) and a group of aḥādīth (Arabic: أحادیث, plural form for ḥadīth, literally “talk” or “discourse”) called “Akhbar-e- Man Balagh” (Arabic: أخبار من بلغ). The understanding of the aforementioned narrations and the extent of application of this rule has caused a conflict of opinions among scholars. The narrations containing the excellences of suras of the Holy Book of Quran is one of the fields of application of the rule of tolerance. The present research has explained the types of exposure to this group of narrations based on the rule of tolerance by using descriptive-exploratory method and using library sources and seeks to find a suitable approach about narrations of the excellences of suras (chapters) of the Holy Book of Quran. The interaction with these narrations is organized based on a special reading of the rule of tolerance in the selected approach, which is based on a rational interpretation of the contents of Man-Balagh (Arabic: من بلغ)’s narrations and is compatible with the indications of some verses and traditions. The use of weak narrations containing the excellences of suras (chapters) will be permissible based on this approach considering three conditions and without any certainty of attributing these narrations to Sharʿ (Islamic rules).

How to profoundly change the beliefs of the polytheists during the age of revelation from the denial of the Prophet (pbuh) to the certainty of his Message and the acceptance of his full guardianship is a question worthy of attention. The order of verses about prophecy based on the order of revelation is the reason to lead a transformative process and a special Quranic method in institutionalizing the belief of prophecy in the lives of Arabs. In the first stage, the Holy Quran in the first Makkī (Arabic: المکّیّ, suras revealed in Mecca) chapters has prepared the community from the motivational side to accept the truth of the Prophet’s (pbuh) prophecy and briefly stating the key issues surrounding it. The Holy Book of Quran at the time of the emergence of oppositions and doubts (the second stage) destroyed the arguments of the polytheists and explained the prophecy and proved its authenticity from a cognitive perspective in the second stage by presenting clear arguments. and the Holy Book of Quran in the third stage after Madanī (Arabic: المدنیّ, suras revealed in Medina) period has undertaken measures in order to fulfill the goals of the Massage by explaining the true position of the Prophet (pbuh) to deepen and operationalize the Prophetic belief through explaining practical duties for the Prophet (pbuh) and behavior based on the acceptance of Walaya (Arabic: ولایة, meaning “guardianship” or “governance”).

1پژوهش حاضر باهدف شناسایی شایستگی های اشتغال دانش آموختگان علوم تربیتی از دیدگاه کارفرمایان انجام شد. این پژوهش ازنظر هدف کاربردی و در زمره پژوهش های کیفی و از نوع برخاسته از داده ها بود. شرکت کنندگان این پژوهش شامل 24 نفر از کارفرمایان حوزه علوم تربیتی (مصاحبه کنندگان پذیرش ماده 28 آموزش وپرورش، مدیران آموزشگاه های آزاد علمی، مدیران و مسئولین جذب مدارس غیردولتی، مدیران مهدکودک ها و پیش دبستانی ها) در شهر بیرجند بود. داده ها با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته جمع آوری و به روش استراوس و کربین و با استفاده از نرم افزار MAXQDA-2020تحلیل شد. به منظور اعتبار یابی (اعتباربخشی) پژوهش دو روش کنترل اعضا و مرور یا بازخورد همتایان به کار گرفته شد. مرور و مقایسه متوالی داده ها به استخراج 28 مقوله و 6 مضمون منتج شد. تحلیل داده ها منجر به شکل گیری یک خرده نظریه شد. الگوی به دست آمده نشان می دهد، پدیده اصلی در فرایند مهارت تربیت و آموزشگری است. پدیده اصلی، تحت تأثیر شرایط زمینه ای و واسطه ای، منجر به شکل گیری راهبردهای «یادگیرنده مادام العمر بودن»، «مهارت پژوهش»، «مهارت برنامه ریزی»، «کلاس داری و مدیریت کلاس»، «هدفمندی» و «مهارت های حل مسئله» گردید. درنهایت «افزایش توان اشتغال پذیری» به عنوان پیامد حاصل از این فرآیند بود.

The importance of sustainability development for developing countries and their tourism is a major issue. This study presents a new approach and framework for spatial modelling of tourism products potentials (TPP) in their sustainability evaluation. The approach was developed based on the GIS multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and its performance was evaluated for spatial TPP mapping in Tabriz city, Iran. To achieve this purpose, we recognized the main Components of Tourism Development indicators (CTDI) such as attractions, accommodation, services and infrastructures FACILITIES to improving sustainable tourism, and determined their significance using the Geographic information systems (GIS). Furthermore, the uncertainty analyze was applied to diminish the inherent error in criteria weights. A GIS-based aggregation function was applied to discern the TPP map. Finally, the emphasis in this paper investigates the practical usage of GIS for the benefit of sustainable tourism development. In particular, it inquired the possible opportunities and challenges facing the adoption of GIS to assist sustainable tourism development. The purpose of this article is to map and explore existing and potential attractions, tourism services and FACILITIES in Tabriz and to ensure that potential opportunities are available for all tourists to enjoy enjoyable experiences in order to reveal their diverse economic, social, political and cultural benefits. Build on the positive and negative aspects of their construction and present them with appropriate solutions for tourism development that lead to sustainable tourism development and infrastructure improvement.

Considering the fact that the words in the intra-religious attitude are considered in two ways, the first is towards jurisprudential words and the second is a rational and conceptual view focusing on their meanings. we have tried to deal with one of the most important issues of intra-religious attitude with a rational approach by descriptive and analytical method, which is the category of "hermeneutic interpretation" of words, especially the most influential idea of interpretation & that is the view of the "spirit of meaning" of Ghazali. After Ghazali, Ibn Arabi used this theory of Ghazali regarding the development of meaning in creating his new idea, and by re-reading Ghazali's idea with a mystical approach, he presented his own theory regarding the expansion of meaning. While accepting the argument of the focal point of the theory of the spirit of meaning, he removes it from the exclusivity to the "linear", and for this purpose, he brought up arguments as well as the Conditions of Hermeneutic Interpretation in this regard. Ibn Arabi's arguments on transversal interpretation include new formulations in the argument, which after him, this theory was favored and accepted by Mulla Sadra, and then it was accepted by his students.

A B S T R A C TThe present study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting improving the quality of urban housing. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the research was the residents of 8 residential complexes of Atabak neighborhood in District 15 of Tehran. Based on Cochran's formula, 384 questionnaires were distributed among residents. Finally, 380 complete and error-free questionnaires were collected. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, the validity of which was verified in the form of face and face validity, as well as divergent validity and reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Analysis of data and information was done using SPSS and PLS software. The findings of this research showed physical quality with a path coefficient of 0.368, the variable of access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339, the variable of housing social conditions with a path coefficient of 0.169, and environmental quality with a path coefficient of 0.302 has a positive and significant impact on housing quality. According to the path coefficient obtained for the research variables, the amount of their impact on housing quality is evaluated as average. Among the identified factors, the factor of physical quality with a path coefficient of 0.368 has the most significant impact, and the factor of access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339 is ranked second. Also, this factor has a positive and significant effect on the physical quality factor of housing.Extended AbstractIntroductionAtabak neighborhood is one of the neighborhoods of District 15 of Tehran. In this neighborhood, physical changes have been made according to the interventions of the Tehran municipality in line with the implementation of the urban landscape plan and organized (inflow of private sector capital) in different years so far. Along with these interventions, the inadequacy of infrastructure and services to meet the population's needs has become this neighborhood's basic problem. Attention to its qualitative aspect needs to be addressed. This matter is important from the point of view of providing the city's basic needs, equitable distribution of FACILITIES and resources, reducing urban inequalities, improving economic-social indicators, preventing unbridled and unplanned expansion, and ultimately improving the quality of life of the people. It demands that the quality of housing and the factors affecting it be evaluated and that a double effort be made to improve it, and it can provide a suitable context for providing suitable models of housing quality for citizens. Considering the mentioned cases, this research aims to answer the question:- What are the effective factors in improving the quality of housing? MethodologyThe current research is descriptive-analytical. In terms of purpose, it is in the category of applied research. Two library and field methods have collected the information needed for this research. In the field method, primary data collection has been done according to the research questions by designing a 5-scale Likert scale questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was the residents of Mobaat, Minabi, Atabek, Shahrak Sajjadieh, Yas, Zahid Gilani, Shahid Asadi, and Safa residential complexes located in Atabak neighborhood of District 15 of Tehran. The statistical population was equal to 20469 people, and based on Cochran's formula, 384 questionnaires were distributed among residents. Finally, 380 complete and error-free questionnaires were collected; the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed in the form of face and face validity as well as divergent validity. In order to check the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability were used, and according to the results presented in the research findings section, the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed. The data obtained from this research were analyzed using structural modeling using SPSS and PLS software. Results and discussion This research showed that physical quality has a positive and significant effect on improving housing quality; according to the value of the obtained path coefficient, which is equal to 0.368, the value of this effect is considered moderate. Based on the results, it can be said that physical dimensions, such as the physical crystallization of housing, are the most objective and material issues in housing evaluation, analysis, and planning. Concerning the impact of access to urban services on the quality of housing, the findings indicated a significant impact of access to urban services. In explaining the results of this section, it can be said that gradually, the housing is changing from a single purpose to a shelter. Those other aspects of welfare and social comfort are also added; the limits of enjoying services and access to the essentials of life are shown to evaluate the housing quality. These indicators are very important in determining housing quality and are an integral part of housing planning. Access to urban housing services is considered one of the main indicators of life, which the Population Crisis Committee has used to measure quality in the world's metropolises. In relation to social conditions and environmental quality on the quality of housing, the results of this research confirmed the impact of the social environment and environmental quality on the quality of housing. Creating residential spaces is a topic that has been discussed previously. From the beginning, human beings have tried to create a favorable living environment that matches the quality conditions of their residence's social and environmental environment. ConclusionThis research was written to explain the factors affecting improving the quality of urban housing. The findings of this research showed that among the studied factors, the physical quality factor with a path coefficient of 0.368 has the most significant impact on improving the quality of urban housing in Tehran, such that this factor can explain 13.5% of the variance of the housing quality condition variable. Physical quality is defined based on the structural basis of a building and is often defined in the form of rules and standards related to it. The physical quality is sometimes interpreted as the appearance of buildings. Since they are fixed and real things, they are the reason for the emergence of general indicators for housing evaluation. The second factor is access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339, so this factor can explain 11.4% of the variance of the housing quality condition variable. This factor has been ranked second regarding the impact on housing quality according to the path coefficient value obtained. In third place was the factor of environmental quality with the path coefficient value of 0.302, and this factor can explain 1.9% of the variance of the variable of housing quality. Moreover, in the last place is the factor of housing social conditions, which has a path coefficient of 0.196. Also, from the other results of this research, we can mention the positive effect of access to the quality of urban services on the improvement of the physical condition of housing, and the value of the path coefficient obtained for this effect is equal to 0.623 so that it is 38.8% of the variance of the variable. FundingThere is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionThe authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approthe contenttent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of InterestThe authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.